Silver Spring & Florida's Imperiled Waters Forum
Tuesday, May 15th 6 p.m.
Wyndham Jacksonville Riverwalk
1515 Prudential Drive, Jacksonville 32207 Click here for a map and directions.
Speakers will include: Dr. Bob Knight, the Director of the Florida Springs Institute; John Moran, the renowned nature photographer; and Guy Marwick, founding director of the Silver River Museum and Executive Director of the Felburn Foundation. These experts and springs enthusiasts will discuss the dire conditions of many our springs, lakes, and rivers and how you can get involved.
The forum will include an in-depth discuss about Adena Springs Ranch and the significant impact that this large-scale cattle operation could have on Silver Springs, a National Natural Landmark, and the Silver River, an Outstanding Florida Water.
Watch this inspirational speech from the 2010 Springs Rally in Tallahassee by John Moran about the importance of protecting our springs.
Continue reading to learn more about this important issue.
Location of Proposed Adena Springs Ranch, Image Credit: SJRWMD
One of Florida's most iconic springs, Silver Springs, has experienced dramatic declines in its flow and increases in nitrate levels in recent years. Now, the health of Silver Springs could be further degraded by a proposed cattle operation and slaughterhouse that would be located within its springshed. As a result, St. Johns Riverkeeper has initiated, iLoveSprings.org, a collaborative campaign to protect Florida's springs and water resources.
Adena Springs Ranch is seeking a consumptive use permit (CUP) to withdraw up to 13.267 million gallons of water a day (MGD) from the aquifer.
This is more water than the 12.85 MGD used by the entrie City of Ocala. The water would be used to irrigate pasture land for 30,000 head of cattle and for the slaughterhouse. The property is located near Ft. McCoy in Marion County within the springshed of Silver Springs.
Unfortunately, Silver Springs is already impaired. This project could cause further harm to this treasured natural wonder and the Silver River, an Outstanding Florida Water.
According to Dr. Bob Knight, Director of the Florida Springs Institute, and the Silver Springs 50-year Retrospective Study:
Flows have declined by 32% during the past decade and 50% since 1965
NO3-N has increased by 176% (2,600% over the entire period of record of more than 100 years)
Water clarity has decreased
Nighttime dissolved oxygen has declined by about 19%
Submerged aquatic plant biomass has declined by 21%
Total algal biomass has increased by 371%
Ecosystem productivity has declined by 27%
Insect productivity has declined by 72%
Fish biomass has declined by 92%
Withdrawing such a large quantity of groundwater could further reduce the spring's flow.
Nutrient-rich waste created from the cattle manure and fertilizers used on the property could reach the groundwater that ultimately discharges from Silver Springs. This would only exacerbate the existing problem of elevated nutrient levels in the spring.
The CUP application #129419 is currently under review at this time and public comment is being accepted.
The St. Johns River Water Management District (SJRWMD) has issued a Request for Additional Information (RAI) and the applicant has submitted some but not all of the requested information. Once they have a completed application, then the District staff will prepare a Technical Staff Report (TSR) that will provide analysis and a recommendation to the Governing Board.
Photo courtesy of Washington State Department of Ecology.
If you are planning to fertilize your yard this spring, make sure that you use the right type of fertilizer and don't apply more than is necessary. Fertilizer runoff contributes to nutrient pollution and the harmful toxic algal blooms that frequently occur in the St. Johns River each summer.
Always begin by determining the appropriate time of year and frequency to apply fertilizers. You generally don't want to fertilize during the winter months when turfgrasses are dormant. For St. Augustine grass, you may only need to fertilize two times a year, during the growing season in March and September. We recommend that you try to avoid applying fertilizers during the summer rainy season, when fertilizers are more likely to run off into waterways as a result of heavy rains. To green your lawn, simply apply iron (Fe) during the month of June. Alternative groundcovers like Bahia grass & Perennial Peanut require little to no fertilizer.
Next, make sure that you carefully measure your yard to determine the square footage and the amount of fertilizer that you will need. Here is a website from the South Florida Water Management District that will help you with your calculations.
Now it is time to go shopping. Select a fertilizer that is low or no phosphorous and contains 50% or more of the nitrogen in a slow-release form. If you can’t find one with 50% or more slow-release nitrogen, select the fertilizer with the highest percentage available. Do not buy fertilizers that contain weed killers. This is often easier said than done. Unfortunately, many retailers do not carry a wide selection of slow-release fertilizer products. However, this situation can be remedied if we, the consumers, make sure to ask garden centers to carry low phosphorous, slow-release fertilizers and we purchase them when they do. Check the chart on our River Friendly Fertilizing page to find fertilizers that contain 50% or more slow-release nitrogen. Locally, Lowe's is test marketing an organic slow-release fertilizer from Jungle Growth that meets the 50% criteria, and many of the Ace Hardware stores carry Green Edge, an organic fertilizer made from JEA biosolids.
Use only the amount of fertilizer that is necessary for the size of your yard. Too much fertilizer can actually weaken your lawn, making it more susceptible to pests, weeds, and disease. When using a 50% or more slow-release fertilizer, you can apply up to 1 lb. of nitrogen per 1,000 square feet. Follow the instructions on the bag. You can also verify the correct amount by applying a simple equation. To calculate the amount of fertilizer to apply to ensure the right amount of nitrogen:
(100 ÷ % of nitrogen in fertilizer bag) x (square footage ÷ 1,000) = lbs. of fertilizer to apply
Example: (100 ÷16) x (1,500 ÷1,000) = 9.375
Use fertilizer responsibly. Never apply before heavy rain is expected. Do not fertilize adjacent to waterways, leaving a "ring of responsibility" of approximately 10 feet. Clean up any fertilizer that accidently spills or falls on the driveways, sidewalks, or roads.
You may also want to consider reducing the size of your lawn by expanding or creating beds with native or drought-tolerant plants and trees. The benefits include:
Beds can create buffers to help prevent runoff and keep fertilizers and chemicals on your lawn.
Native or drought-tolerant plants that are appropriate for the conditions in your yard (soil type, amount of sunlight, etc.) often require little to no irrigation and fertilizer once established, saving you money and time.
Native plants and trees can provide valuable habitat for wildlife, attracting birds and butterflies to your yard.
Trees help reduce the volume and slow the flow of stormwater. Trees are natural pollution filters, removing nutrients, like nitrogen, and other pollutants from stormwater. Trees also improve air quality, and reduce energy consumption by shading and cooling our homes and businesses.
The St. Johns River Water Supply Impact Study (WSIS) final report was recently released by the St. Johns River Water Management District (SJRWMD). The 4-year, multimillion dollar study was initiated by the SJRWMD after legitimate concerns were raised by St. Johns Riverkeeper and the public regarding plans to withdraw up to 155 million gallons of water a day (mgd) from the St. Johns River and nearly 100 million gallons a day from the Ocklawaha River.
In 2008, St. Johns Riverkeeper, St. Johns County, and the City of Jacksonville legally challenged the proposed Seminole County Yankee Lake permit to remove an average of 5.5 million gallons of water a day from the St. Johns River. Although the permit was eventually approved by the SJRWMD, widespread opposition to withdrawals from the St. Johns and Ocklawaha served as a catalyst for the study. See a list at the bottom of this post of the numerous governments and organizations that signed resolutions opposing withdrawals.
We commend the SJRWMD for conducting the study and are pleased that an independent peer review was undertaken by a respected group of outside experts, the National Research Council (NRC). Scientists and policymakers are now more knowledgeable about the St. Johns River and have a better understanding of this complex aquatic system. The study will be a helpful tool for future planning efforts.
However, the study does not provide a green light for withdrawals. The study has significant shortcomings, emphasizing the need for further research and analysis and the need to focus on a much safer and cost-effective alternative, water conservation.
We must not allow the study to divert our attention away from what should be our first priority - using our current water supply sources as prudently and efficiently as possible. Until we have sufficiently exhausted all of the viable conservation and reuse options that are readily available to us, we should not focus on the pursuit of new supply sources, especially our St. Johns River.
"In conducting the WSIS, District scientists found that the lack of basic data (e.g., certain kinds of benthos and fish information) and the inadequacy of basic analytical tools (e.g., on wetland hydrology and biogeochemical processes) limited what they were able to achieve and conclude.”
"…data needed to understand surface water–groundwater interactions and for the environmental impact analyses were not as readily available. In some cases data were very limited…. the lack of data impeded the progress of some workgroups and led to uncertainties about some of the WSIS conclusions."
"…the relatively short period (ten years) of the rainfall record used for the hydraulic and hydrodynamic modeling and the assumption that it will apply to future climatic conditions is a concern.”
“…the workgroups did not appear to consider the possibility of back-to-back extreme events in their analyses, e.g., two or three years of extreme drought in a row, which the Committee considers to be reasonably likely future situations."
"The Committee continues to be somewhat concerned with the basis for the final conclusion that water withdrawals of the magnitude considered in the WSIS will not have many deleterious ecological effects. In large part, this conclusion was based on the model findings that increased flows from the upper basin projects and from changes in land use (increases in impervious urban/suburban areas) largely compensated for the impacts of water withdrawals on water flows and levels….The generally poor quality of surface runoff from such land uses is well known."
“…runoff resulting from increases in urban/suburban land area in the basin was assumed to affect watershed hydrology only….The modeling conducted by the District did not have a water quality component, and the District considered the potential ecological effects of significant increases in degraded stormwater runoff, as well as changes in the frequency distribution of stream flows in urbanized areas, to be outside the scope of the WSIS."
"Although the District included water withdrawals from both the main channel of the St. Johns River and from the Ocklawaha River in its withdrawal scenarios, the WSIS focused only on potential effects of the withdrawals on the hydrology and ecology of the St. Johns River (and associated riparian wetlands). The Committee expressed concern from the outset of this study about the exclusion from the WSIS of potential effects of withdrawals on the Ocklawaha River (NRC, 2009)."
"Uncertainties about future conditions over which the District has no control (e.g., climate change, sea level rise, land use) also lead to concerns about the reliability of the conclusions."
" If there is an extended drought in the future, when increased water supply demands have led to surface withdrawals, water suppliers might not be able to withdraw water from the river for months or even years on end. It is not obvious that this would be socially acceptable."
Click here to read the comments submitted by St. Johns Riverkeeper to the SJRWMD regarding the Water Supply Impact Study (WSIS).
Here is a list of the organizations and governments that previously passed resolutions opposing withdrawals: Governments
City of Neptune Beach
Jacksonville Beach
Jacksonville
Keystone Heights
Atlantic Beach
Jacksonville Planning Commission
St. Johns County
Jacksonville Environmental Protection Board
Jacksonville Water and Sewer Expansion Authority
Jacksonville Waterways Commission
Town of Hastings
Town of Callahan
Nassau County
Clay County
Duval County Soil and Water Conservation District
Bradford County Legislative Delegation
Seminole County Soil and Water Conservation District
Organizations
St. Johns Riverkeeper
Shrimp Producers Association
Putnam County Environmental Council
Northeast Florida Sierra Club
Clay Action Network
Turtle Coast Sierra Club
Jacksonville Civic Council, Inc.
Central Florida Sierra Club
Polk Sierra Club
Suwannee-St. Johns Sierra Club
Florida Chapter Sierra Club
William Bartram Scenic & Historic Highway Corridor Management Council
NW St. Johns County Community Coalition
Beaches Watch
St. Johns County Roundtable
Greater Arlington & Beaches CPAC
South Anastasia Community Association
Environmental Youth Council
Save Our Lakes
Greater Arlington Civic Council
Mandarin Community Club
Duval County Democratic Executive Committee
Santa Fe Lake Dwellers
Northeast Florida Association of Realtors
Clay County Chamber of Commerce
Florida Lure Anglers
Southside Business Men’s Club
Democratic Women’s Information Network
Gulf Restoration Network
Downtown Council of the Jacksonville Regional Chamber of Commerce
West Volusia Audubon
Late Bloomers Garden Club
Friends of Wekiva River
Volunteer Leigh Burdette watering native plants at the bioswale
St. Johns Riverkeeper and our numerous partners collaborated to install the City of Jacksonville’s first bioswale along Lasalle Street in front of the San Marco Library. A bioswale collects stormwater runoff from roads, rooftops, and parking lots and uses soil and plants to remove pollution before the water reaches the St. Johns River.
Funded by a grant from Coca-Cola, the bioswale was installed to demonstrate how Low Impact Development (LID) or Green Infrastructure strategies can be effectively utilized to manage and treat stormwater. A portion of the runoff from Lasalle Street and the surrounding area will now be diverted into the bioswale, helping to clean the stormwater before it enters our river.
Previously, this water was diverted into storm drains and went straight to the river untreated, carrying with it fertilizers, chemicals, and other pollutants.
This project was made possible by the generous contributions of numerous partners, including enVision Design + Engineering, Coca-Cola, San Marco Preservation Society, Greenscape, Jacksonville Zoo & Gardens, MetroVerde, Content Design Group, Petticoat-Schmidt, Media Works, PMB Constructors, Superior Trees, City of Jacksonville, Council Member Lori Boyer, and Jacksonville Public Library.
The project will soon get even better when Florida Roads installs a pervious concrete walkway at the site.
Click here to vote for this project in the Innovate Northeast Florida Jax Boldest contest!
If there has ever been an orphan of a natural system in Florida, it's the St. Johns River. Once worshiped by the Timucua and later, revered by the white settlers who floated their economy atop it, the St. Johns flowed tentatively into the late 20th century with scant real-life stewardship.
Technology and institutionalized "caring" simply weren't cutting it. This river--- which had given so much to so many for so long--- was sick. It didn't need officious help. It needed a deep-hearted guardian, one who would transcend safe, socialized behaviors and stand up for it, like a good parent would stand up for their child.
Certainly, "Father of the River" wasn't in the job description when Alabama native Neil Armingeon was hired as the St. Johns Riverkeeper in early 2003. Neil had been educated with a masters in environmental management at Duke, had been trained as an ecologist and hydrologist, and had spearheaded support for Lake Pontchartrain in New Orleans.
For most, that would have been enough. Many would have been content just to give public talks and ride up and down the river in a spiffy RK boat.
But Neil---with his very real down-home Southern style, his energetic caring, and inextricable sense for fairness--- realized that getting the job done was far more than repeating the steps of a meaningless socio-political quadrille.
Sadly, many veterans in science, law, and resource management in Florida had danced this Orwellian charade for decades. With rare exceptions, most simply repeated that two-step with little regard for whether it made a difference in the health of the river.
When Neil figured out what was going on and called them on it, they seemed outraged that anyone would dare question their short-term motives. Rocking the boat wasn't safe economically, they cried. Jobs are at stake. We're doing what we can, and that's good enough.
But those platitudes were disturbingly hollow. The truth is Florida is a place where promises are routinely bought and sold---regardless of what is needed to sustain the ecological wholeness that really underpins the economy.
We live in a time when real heroes are rare. If you revisit the words and deeds of our earlier champions of nature, it becomes apparent what a hero might be.
For 18th century artist-philosopher William Bartram, it was someone who came to commune with nature and not to exploit it.
For the great Florida naturalist Archie Carr, it meant a person who had the passion to really care about what lived or died---one who "preserves things that stir him.”
And for Edward Abbey---the gutsy, iconoclastic bard of wild places--it was this: “Caring without action is the ruin of the soul.”
As a corollary, I’m figuring that Neil Armingeon's soul is incandescent and righteous and true. It’s a courageous, real-world soul that’s been put to the test---one that's scarred and weathered and character-driven, with little danger of ruin.
I steadfastly believe that Neil’s spirit---and the spirit of all who care in their hearts for this river--- will prevail.
Thanks for being here as long as you have, Neil, and for working and feeling as fully as you could to "parent" our river, to be confident enough to allow yourself to be stirred by its liquid embrace.
Your caring and ethic will endure, buddy, as long as folks have the courage to listen to what their own gut-driven conscience has to say.
Come aboard the Water Taxi for an incredible guided tour along the St. Johns River.
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